Genes, Heredity, And Genetic Variation Among Living Organisms

Genetics is a field of biology, which concentrates specifically on the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation among living organisms. The use of genetic knowledge can be traced to early civilizations when people examined and altered genetic information to advance the efficiency of domesticated species of plants and animals. Some of the plants, such as corn, wheat and rice, were genetically modified not only to increase the production of crops, but to also be resilient against diseases and pest, while at the same time still producing a nutritious and healthy harvest. About one hundred and fifty years ago, Gregor Mendel observed heredity through his experimental work on the production of pea stocks. Mendel came up with groundbreaking conclusions over eight years and with the use of twenty eight thousand pea plants as he discovered dominant and recessive genes to be the major building blocks of heredity while incorporating mathematics to identify patterns in his experiment (Wil son, Avery, Ford, Hancock, Read, Stephens, and Young, 2007). Mendel carried out monohybrid and dihybrid crosses and was able to obtain offspring in certain ratios that allowed the establishment of the laws of inheritance. In the first part of this laboratory experiment, both a monohybrid and a dihybrid ear of corn were used to examine different phenotypic features such as shape and color. The experiment was conducted to investigate the Mendelian genetics and observe the different phenotypicShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Germplasm On Plants And Tissue That Helps Maintain The Breeding And Conservation Essay1213 Words   |  5 Pages It is a living tissue that grows into a new plant (3). 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